von damondeionno » 26. Mär 2009 14:29
It's a bit more complicated than that. You know that colour detection in humans is done with cone cells in the retina, right? Use Wiki for a technical explanation. Basically there are proteins that are reconfigured when they receive photons of a specific energy. The temporary reconfiguration causes a signal to be sent to the brain. Each protein only reacts to a certain light energy. The energy of a photon is determined by it's wavelength which is what we call colour. So a photon in the blue part of the spectrum has a higher energy than that in the red. That's why we can use ultraviolet light to kill bacteria and algae, it's also why high amounts of UV can burn our skin.
The eyes of ants, bees and wasps, don't have cones, but they do have similar light reactive proteins. Their visible spectrum is shifted towards the UV. So they have proteins that react to UV, but not the ones that react to red light.
The trouble is that when we talk about red light in an everyday sense, we aren't necessarily talking about light of only one wavelength (or colour). While a light that looks red to us will be mostly made up of red light, there will likely be other colours of light as well, just in smaller quantities. This is particularly true of incandescent bulbs.
Also, when we use a photo gel (like the red acetate) to filter light, there will likely be some other colours of light getting through. If the light was 'pure' then the ants wouldn't be able to see it, but it rarely is, and that is why sometimes ants don't actually respond as we might expect when we use red light. In general red light doesn't disturb them as much because the other colours that they can see are present in much smaller amounts.