Worker polymorphism in ants

Worker polymorphism in ants

Beitragvon Sphecomyrmex » 16. Mär 2008 12:19

I've found more info on this questions...From thing does the worker-polymorphism in ants depends? Does it depend from genetic factors or from environmental factors? I want to introduce the summary of various articles on this matter, to furnish a general picture of the research in this field. Even that someone knows of other more recent articles could to post them following ;-)

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William O H Hughes, Seirian Sumner, Steven Van Borm, Jacobus J. Boomsma; Worker caste polymorphism has a genetic basis in Acromyrmex leaf-cutting ants; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,100 (16):9394-7; august 2003.

"Division of labor is fundamental to the success of all societies. The most striking examples are the physically polymorphic worker castes in social insects with clear morphological adaptations to different roles. These polymorphic worker castes have previously been thought to be a classic example of nongentically controlled polymorphism, being mediated entirely by environmental cues. Here we show that worker caste development in the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex echinatior has a significant genetic component. Individuals of different patrilines within the same colony differ in their propensities to develop into minor or major workers. The mechanism appears to be plastic, with caste destiny resulting from interplay between nurture and nature. Unlike the few other recently discovered examples of a genetic influence on caste determination, the present result does not relate to any rare or exceptional circumstances, such as interspecific hybridization. The results suggest that a significant role of genetics may have been overlooked in our understanding of other complex polymorphisms of social insects".

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F. E. Rehindt, C. P. Strehl & J. Gadau; A genetic component in the determination of worker polymorphism in the Florida harvester ant Pogonomyrmex badius; Insectes Sociaux, vol. 52, n. 2, pags. 163-168; may 2005.

"The interplay of genetic and environmental factors in the determination of social insect castes has long intrigued biologists. Though an overwhelming majority of studies establish that factors such as nutrition, pheromones and temperature determine the developmental fate of worker larvae, genetic components have recently been shown to play a role in the determination of morphological worker castes in leaf-cutting ants. Here we demonstrate that the determination of worker castes in the strongly polyandrous Florida harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex badius, has a genetic component. The overall distribution of caste members among patrilines in our study colonies is significantly different from the intracolonial caste ratio. Though this effect was not apparent in all colonies, our results suggest that workers of different patrilines in P. badius differ significantly in their propensities to develop into a certain worker caste. This genetic basis of worker polymorphism may go unnoticed in many social hymenopterans because of their low intracolonial genetic diversity due to monogamous colony structure. The worker polymorphism of P. badius is a taxonomic isolate and presumably a young trait in the genus. Therefore, a common genetic component of the determination of morphological and behavioral worker castes in social insects might be farranging taxonomically and may even be based on a genetic machinery inherent to all hymenopterans, but dormant in most".

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William O.H. Hughes & Jacobus J. Boomsma; Genetic polymorphism in leaf-cutting ants is phenotypically plastic; Proceedings. Biological sciences, vol 274 (issue 1618), pp 1625-30; july 2007.

Advanced societies owe their success to an efficient division of labour that, in some social insects, is based on specialized worker phenotypes. The system of caste determination in such species is therefore critical. Here, we examine in a leaf-cutting ant (Acromyrmex echinatior) how a recently discovered genetic influence on caste determination interacts with the social environment. By removing most of one phenotype (large workers; LW) from test colonies, we increased the stimulus for larvae to develop into this caste, while for control colonies we removed a representative sample of all workers so that the stimulus was unchanged. We established the relative tendencies of genotypes to develop into LW by genotyping workers before and after the manipulation. In the control colonies, genotypes were similarly represented in the large worker caste before and after worker removal. In the test colonies, however, this relationship was significantly weaker, demonstrating that the change in environmental stimuli had altered the caste propensity of at least some genotypes. The results indicate that the genetic influence on worker caste determination acts via genotypes differing in their response thresholds to environmental cues and can be conceptualized as a set of overlapping reaction norms. A plastic genetic influence on division of labour has thus evolved convergently in two distantly related polyandrous taxa, the leaf-cutting ants and the honeybees, suggesting that it may be a common, potentially adaptive, property of complex, genetically diverse societies.
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Sphecomyrmex
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Beitragvon miszt » 16. Mär 2008 13:11

Nice abstracts (extracts) :) culd you post up the links when u post abstracts? would be great to have a link to the full articals :)
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Beitragvon Sphecomyrmex » 16. Mär 2008 13:58

Right, but I don't remember me anymore the links :-(, I have been picking up these summaries for so much time. However I have put the references for the article, so it is possible to look for on internet the whole document :-)

If it interests particularly yourself some matter (for example ant phylogeny or nestmate recognition), contact me :-) Already from a lot of time I am picking up all the various articles of mirmecology that I find on web.
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Beitragvon miszt » 16. Mär 2008 16:25

Nice :) for sure I would love to see what you have found, i think they would make a good addition to my new site, only problem is that they must have publisher links, otherwise there are copyright issues, but yep i can look em up :D will get in contact soon, i dont have net at the moment, so not much point tryin to gather things up for the site atm, but its back 2m apperntly :D
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