von Azzer » 8. Jul 2007 19:47
Three most common species in the UK (there are many, these are just the three 'general' ones in most peoples' gardens... some sub-species may differ);
Black ants: Lasius Niger
Smaller orange/yellow "Meadow" ants: Lasius flavus*
Slightly larger, dark red ants: Myrmica [rubra, ruginodis]*.(I'm not going in to all the other spcies found in Britan or the sub-species of those genuses etc.)
I have to say that your absolute best bet is to wait for the mating flight (tell your Nan all about how it works and ask her to keep an eye out on her paths and pavements around/near the house for lot's of "beetley looking creatures" - many non-ant people mistake the wingless queens after their mating flights as small beetles!), and capture a wingless queen away from the nests - one that has landed and shed it's wings (which shows it has mated) that is wandering around on the paths. Usually you will get hundreds and thousands in even small areas (coming from all the other nests in the area, not just the one in your Nan's garden - there will be others all over!)... place it in a test-tube (with sugar-water at the bottom packed in with a bit of cotton wool), and let it develop from scratch. As many will tell you, a new colony raised in captivity like this is much more suited to a life of "captivity"... but you should catch a few queens in seperate test-tubes as obviously not all will survive/develop.
The only alternate is to very carefully dig up the nest and hope, through some luck and good eyesight, you find a wingless queen in the nest already (usually will be near/around the eggs and brood, but not always). Be very careful, be sure to get plenty of workers and brood with her, and keep her somewhere dark and moist and do not disturb her for a while after capture. The sudden "Panic" of a nest being torn up and the queen relocated can kill a queen.
Don't simply grab a few random workers and eggs, even if you hope to come back for the queen later. This is only good for small "science/school projects", as the ants will die off before too long (and not be very "Happy"!). Either go for the queen of a nest, or don't disturb the nest at all.
Also, be aware that particularly in the Myrmica rubra* species, the queen ant is not much bigger than the workers (twice the size at best), so can be much harder to spot than say, a lasius niger queen amongst lasius niger workers.
Good luck!
* Edit uta